أَحْمَقُ
1.
(S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and
حَمِقٌ (S, Msb) and
حَمْقَان [whether with or without tenween is not shown] (Sb, TA) Foolish, or stupid; i. e. unsound in intellect or understanding; (T, Mgh, Msb;) and stagnant, or dull, therein; (T, Mgh;) or deficient, or defective, therein; IF, Mgh;) or haring little, or no, intellect or understanding: (S, K:) feminine of the first حَمْقَاءُ; (S, Msb;) and of the second حَمِقَةٌ: (TA:) plural of the first, applied to men and to women, (S, K,) حُمْقٌ, (so in two copies of the S,) or حُمُقٌ, with two dammehs, (K,) and حَمْقَى and حَمَاقَى (S, K) and حُمَاقَى (Sgh, K) and حِمَاقٌ. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) Accord. to some, أَحْمَقُ is from the phrase اِنْحَمَقَتِ السُّوقُ: and according to some, from the phrase لَيَالٍ مُحْمِقَاتٌ, because the احمق deceives one at first by what he says. (TA.) The sounds of wailing for the dead, and trilling, or quavering, in playing, are termed أَحْمَقَانِ because of the حُمْق of the person from whom they proceed. (Mgh.)
2.
البَقْلَةُ الحَمْقَاءُ (S, K) and بَقْلَةُ الحَمْقَاءِ, (K,) the latter for بَقْلَةُ الحَبَّةِ الحَمْقَاءِ, i. q.
الرِّجْلَةُ [Garden purslane]; (S, ISd, K;) which is the name applied to it by the vulgar; (ISd, TA;) the chief of herbs, or leguminous plants: called by those names because exuding mucilage (مُلَعِّبَةٌ), so that it is likened to the أَحْمَق whose slaver is flowing: IDrd says, they assert that it is so called because it grows in the tracks of men, so that it is trodden upon; and in water-courses, so that the water uproots it: IF says that it is so called because of its weakness: and it is said that some persons, hating 'Áïsheh, called it بَقْلَةُ عَايءِشَةَ; but this is one of their fanciful assertions; for such was its name in the time of utter paganism: so says Sgh. (TA.)
3.
[أَحْمَقُ also signifies More, and most, foolish, or stupid, &c. Hence,] it is said in a prov., أَحْمَقُ مِنْ رِجْلَةٍ [More foolish, or stupid, than a plant of gardenpurslane: explained by what precedes]. (TA.) [See also another prov. voce ثَمَانُونَ.] And in a tradition, أَحْمَقُ الحُمْقِ الفُجُورُ [The most foolish of foolishness, or the most stupid of stupidness, is vice, or immorality, or unrighteousness]. (A in article كيس.)