رِدَاءٌ

A certain garment; (S, Msb;) a kind of مِلْحَفَة [or outer wrapping garment], (M, K,) well known; (K;) one of the garments that are not cut and sewed; (Mgh in article قطع, and MF voce إِزَارٌ;) [being of a single piece;] covering the upper half of the body; or lying upon the shoulders and back; (MF voce إِزَارٌ;) or falling upon the belly and there ending: (TA voce صِفْرٌ:) [a رداء worn by Mohammad, “thrown over the left shoulder and wrapped round the body under the right arm,” is described as “four cubits long and two cubits and a span wide:” (Sprenger's Life of Mohammad, Part I, English ed., pp. 86 and 87:)] it is of the masculine gender, and it is not allowable to make it feminine: (IAmb, Msb:) the dual is رِدَاانِ and رِدَاوَانِ the latter being allowable, (S, Msb,) but the former being preferable: (S:) and the plural is أَرْدِيَةٌ: (S, M, Msb:) the رِدَاء is also called ↓ رِدَاءَةٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK رِداة,]) like as the إِزَار is also called إِزَارَةق; (M;) and ↓ مِرْدَاةٌ, (K, TA, in the CK مَرْداة,) of which the plural is ↓ مَرَادٍ, (TA,) occurring in the saying,

مَرَادِىَ الحَرِيرِ ↓ لَا يَرْتَدِى

وَلَا يُرَى بِسُدَّةِ الأَمِيرِ

إِلَّا لِحَلْبِ الشَّاْةِ وَالبَعِيرِ

[He will not wear outer wrapping garments of silk, nor will he be seen at the porch of the commander, or prince, unless for the purpose of milking the sheep, or goat, and the camel]; (M, TA;) المَرَادِى meaning الأَرْدِيَة; (M;) but according to Th, it has no singular: (M, TA:) [or] ↓ مَرَادٍ signifies waist-wrappers; synonym أُزُرٌ. (K.)

Hence, صِفْرُ رِدَايءِهَا, in a description of Umm-Zara, in a tradition, meaning (assumed tropical:) Lank in her belly; as though her رداء were empty. (TA in article صفر.)

And غَمْرُ الرِّدَاءِ (tropical:) Abounding in beneficence. (T, M, K, TA.) And عَيْشٌ غَمْرُ الرِّدَاءِ (tropical:) A life ample, or plentiful, in its means. (TA.)

And رِدَاءُ الشَّبَابِ (assumed tropical:) The beauty, and softness, tenderness, or delicateness, of youth. (T.)

And رِدَاءُ الشَّمْسِ (assumed tropical:) The light, (M,) or beauty and light, (T,) of the sun. (T, M.)

رِدَاءٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A sword; (T, M, K;) [ISd says,] I think, as being likened to the garment thus called; (M;) [i. e.] because it is hung, by its suspensory cords, upon the neck and shoulder [like that garment]. (T.) [See also مِرْدًى, near the end of the paragraph.] Mutemmem says,

لَقَدْ كَفَّنَ المِنْهَالُ تَحْتَ رِدَايءِهِ

فَتًى غَيْرَ مِبْطَانِ العَشِيَّاتِ أَرْوَعَا

[Verily El-Minhál has shrouded beneath his sword a young man not voracious in the evenings, when the chief meal is eaten, one who excited the admiration of the beholder]: for El-Minhál had slain his [the poet's] brother Málik; and when a man slew another who was a celebrated man, he used to lay his sword upon him, in order that his slayer might be known. (M. [But see, in relation to this verse, a long story in the Ham pp. 370-372.]) And El-Khansà says,

جَعَلْتَ رِدَاءَكَ فِيهَا خِمَارَا

وَدَاهِيَةٍ جَرَّهَا جَارِمٌ

[And in many a calamity which a committer of a crime has brought to pass, thou hast made thy sword to be as a covering to the head]; meaning, thou hast smitten, therein, the necks of thine enemies with thy sword like the خمار [which means a woman's “muffler” and a man's “turban”]. (T.)

Also (assumed tropical:) A bow; (AAF, M, IAth;) because it is borne upon the shoulder, which is the place of the رداء [properly thus called]. (IAth, TA.)

And [for the like reason] (assumed tropical:) The [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v., worn by women]. (T, K.) So in a verse of El-Aashà, cited voce رَقْرَقَ. (T.)

And (assumed tropical:) A bier; because it is borne upon the place of the رداء [properly thus called, i. e., upon the shoulder]. (Ham p. 471.)

And (assumed tropical:) Debt; (T, M, K;) because it is [regarded as] a thing that cleaves to the neck of the debtor, like as the رداء [properly thus called] cleaves to the shoulders of the wearer. (T.) You say, هُوَ خَفِيفُ الرِّدَاءِ, meaning (tropical:) He is little burdened in respect of debt: and also, in respect of household. (K, * TA.) [See also an example voce نَسَاءٌ.]

Also (assumed tropical:) Intelligence:

and (assumed tropical:) ignorance: (M, K:) both on the authority of IAar: (M:)

he says also that it means (assumed tropical:) anything that is the pride, or ornament, of a person; (T, M;) even, (M,) for instance, one's house, and one's father; (T, M;) or one's house and one's beast; (so in the TA;) each of these, he says, is one's رداء [or (assumed tropical:) pride]: (T:) thus, (M,) it is (assumed tropical:) a thing that graces: and (assumed tropical:) a thing that disgraces: (M, K:) so that it has two contr. meanings: thus in the K, referring to the meanings of “intelligence” and “ignorance:” but this requires consideration. (TA.)