سَرَاوِيل

a Pers. word, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) originally شَلْوَار, (MA, KL, [in the former loosely explained by the word إِزَارٌ, and so in the PS,]) of well-known meaning, (S,) [Drawers, trousers, or breeches; originally applied to such as are worn under other clothing;] a certain under-garment; (MA;) [but now applied also to such as are worn externally;] is masculine [and perfectly decl., i. e. with tenween], and feminine [and imperfectly decl., i. e. without tenween]; (S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes masculine, (Msb, K,) but not known to As otherwise than as feminine; (M;) according to the usage most commonly obtaining, it is imperfectly decl. and feminine: (MF:) Sb says that it is a singular, and is a foreign, or Pers., word, arabicized; resembling, in their [the Arabs'] language, what is imperfectly decl. [as a plural of the measure فَعَالِيلُ] when determinate and when indeterminate; but is perfectly decl. when indeterminate; and imperfectly decl. if applied as a proper name to a man, and so is its diminutive if so applied, because it is feminine and of more than three letters: (S:) or it is imperfectly decl. as a proper name because it is also originally a foreign word; and its diminutive, ↓ سُرَيْيِيل, [for سُرَيْوِيل, the و being changed into ى, as in سَيِّدٌ for سَيْوِدٌ,] is perfectly decl. unless used as a proper name, in which latter case it is imperfectly decl. [for the reason above mentioned or] because it is feminine and determinate: (IB, TA:) it (i. e. سَرَاوِيل) is made, as a plural, imperfectly decl. when indeterminate by some of the grammarians; (S;) and it occurs in poetry imperfectly decl. [when indeterminate]: (S, M, * IB, TA:) [but this may be by poetic license:] thus in the saying of Ibn-Mukbil,

أَتَى دُونَهَا ذَبُّ الرِّيَادِ كَأَنَّهُ

فَتًى فَارِسِىٌّ سَرَاوِيلَ رَامِحُ

[The came as an obstacle intervening in the way to her, or them, the wild bull, as though he were a Persian youth in drawers; one with a pair of horns]: (S, * IB, TA:) the former [however] is the usual way, [contrary to what has been said on the authority of MF,] though the latter is more valid: (S:) the plural is سَرَاوِيلَاتٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) Sb says that it has no broken plural, because, if it had, it would be the same as the singular: (M:) or, (K,) some say, (S, M, Msb,) namely those grammarians who make it imperfectly decl. when indeterminate, (S,) holding it to be [originally] an Arabic word, (Msb,) it is a plural of which the singular is ↓ سِرْوَالَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ سِرْوَالٌ (S, K) and ↓ سِرْوِيلٌ, which is [said to be] the only instance of a word of the measure فَعْوِيلٌ: (K:) [this, therefore, confirms the opinion that I hold, that the measure of this word is فِعْلِيلٌ, and that all the words of the present article are quadriliteral-radical, agreeably with an assertion in the TA that سرل is not genuine Arabic: though it seems that all the lexicographers regard the و in the words of this article as augmentative:] a poet says,

فَلَيْسَ يَرِقُّ لِمُسْتَعْطِفِ * ↓ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ اللُّوءْمِ سِرْوَالَةٌ

[Upon him is an under-garment of ignobleness, (i. e. ignobleness cleaves to him like a pair of drawers,) so that he does not become tenderhearted to one who endeavours to conciliate him]: (S, * M:) in the “ Mujarrad, ” سَرَاوِيلُ is made feminine, and ↓ سِرْوَالٌ masculine: (Msb:) سَرَاوِين is a dialect var.; (K;) or synonym with سَرَاوِيل; the ن in the former being asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for the ل [in the latter]: (M:) and شِرْوَالٌ, with ش, is likewise a dialect var. [of سِرْوَالٌ], (K,) mentioned by Es-Sijistánee, on the authority of some one or more of the Arabs: (TA:) [the common modern pronunciation is شَرْوَال: plural شَرَاوِيل.]