جَعَلَ

, aorist جَعَلَ , verbal noun جَعْلٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُعْلٌ and جَعَالَةٌ and جِعَالَةٌ (K) and مَجْعَلٌ, (S, TA,) He made a thing; synonym صَنَعَ; (Msb, K;) but having a more general signification than فَعَلَ and صَنَعَ and their equivalents [as will be shown by what follows]; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and so ↓ اجتعل: (K:) both these verbs signify the same. (S.)

He made a thing of, or from, a thing; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 16:74 and xlii. 9], جَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا [He hath made for you, of, or from, yourselves, wives]; and [in the Qur'an, 16:83 وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الجِبَالِ أَكْنَانًا [And He hath made for you, of the mountains, places of retreat; as caves, and excavated houses or chambers: so explained by Bd]. (TA.)

He created; (K, TA;) brought into being, or existence; (TA;) as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 6:1, وَJَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورِ [And hath created, or brought into being, the darknesses and the light]; (K, TA;) and [in the Qur'an, 21:31 وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ المَاءِ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَىٍّ [And We have created of water, or the seminal fluid, everything living]; and [in the Qur'an, 16:80, &c.,] وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ السَّمْعَ وَ الأَبْصَارَ وَالأَفْيءِدَةَ [And He created for you the ears and the eyes and the hearts]. (TA.)

He made, or prepared; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 65:2, يَجْعَلُ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا [He will make, or prepare, for him a way of escape, or safety]; and [in the Qur'an, 65:4 يَجْعَلُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ يُسْرًا [He will make, or prepare, for him an easy state of his circumstances; i. e., will make his circumstances, or case, easy to him]. (TA.)

He made; meaning he made to be, or become; he constituted; he appointed; [in which sense it is doubly transitive;] (S, K;) as in the saying in the Qur'an, 19:31, وَجَعَلْنِى نَبِيًّا [And He hath made me a prophet]; (S;) [and in the elliptical phrase, جَعَلَهُ عَلَيْهِ He made him to be superintendant, or the like, over it; set him, or appointed him, over it:] and in the phrase, جَعَلَ القَبِيحَ حَسَنًا [He made that which was bad to be, or become, good]. (K.)

He made a thing to be in a particular state or condition; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 2:20, الَّذِ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الأَرْضَ فِرَاشًا [Who hath made for you the earth to be as a bed]; and [in the Qur'an, 71:15 وَجَعَلَ القَمَرَ فِيهِنَّ نُورًا [And hath made the moon, in them (the heavens), to be as a light]; and so, as some say, in the saying [in the Qur'an, 43:2, إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْانًا عَرَبِيًّا [Verily we have made it an Arabic Qur'an]. (TA.)

[He made a thing to be in an altered, or changed, state or condition; i. e.,] the verb signifies also the changing a thing from its state or condition; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 11:84 and xv. 74], جَعَلْنَا عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا [We made their upper part to be their lower part]; (K;) and in the words of the Qur'an, 56:81, وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ [And do ye make the thanks that ye should render for your sustenance to be that ye charge with falsehood the Giver thereof by attributing it to the stars called أَنْوَاء as explained by Bd and Jel]. (TA.)

He pronounced (Er-Rághib, K) a thing by a true judgment or decision, (Er-Rághib,) or as a legal ordinance; (K;) as in the saying (of the Legislator, TA), جَعَلَ اللّٰهُ الصَّلَوَاتِ المَفْرُوضَاتِ خَمْسًا [God hath pronounced the prayers that are made obligatory to be five] (K.) And He pronounce (Er-Rághib, K *) a thing by a false judgment or decision, (Er-Rághib,) or according to his own judgment, heretically; (K;) as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 15:91, الَّذِينَ جَعَلُوا القُرْانَ عِضِينَ [Who pronounced the Qur'an to be lies, or enchantment, &c.]. (Er-Rághib, K.)

He called, or named, (S, Msb, K,) a thing; (Msb;) as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 43:18, وَجَعَلُوا المَلَايءِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمٰنِ إِنَاثًا [And they have called the angels, who are the servants of the Compassionate, females]: (S, K:) or, as some say, the meaning is, have described them as, and pronounced them to be, females; like as one says, جَعَلَ فُلَانٌ زَيْدًا أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ [Such a one described Zeyd as, and pronounced him to be, the most learned of men]: or have held, or believed, them to be females; like as the verb signifies in the saying in the Qur'an, 16:59, وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِلّٰهِ البَنَاتِ [And they hold, or believe, God to have daughters: or this may be rendered and they attribute to God daughters]. (TA.) You say also, جَعَلْتُ زَيْدًا أَخَاكَ, meaning I asserted Zeyd to be related to thee [as a brother; or I called Zeyd thy brother]. (K.)

He thought; as in the saying, جَعَلَ البَصْرَةَ بَغْدَادَ [He thought El-Basrah to be Baghdád]; (K;) and so in the saying, جَعَلْتُهُ عَبْدًا فَشَتَمْتُهُ [I thought him to be a slave, and consequently I reviled him]. (Ham p. 31.)

He made known, or plain, or perspicuous; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 43:2, of which one explanation has been given above], إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْانًا عَرَبِيًّا [Verily we have made it known, &c., as an Arabic Qur'an]: (K:) or the meaning is, we have revealed it [as such]. (TA.)

He exalted, or ennobled; as in the saying [in the Qur'an, 2:137, جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا [We have exalted you, or ennobled you, as a nation conforming to the just mean; or just, or equitable, or good]: (K:) [or it may be rendered, we have made you a nation &c.:] or, as some say, the meaning is, we have called you, or named you, a nation &c. (TA.)

Also, verbal noun جَعْلٌ, He put, or laid, a thing; or put it, or laid it, down. (K.) And جَعَلَ بَعْضَهُ فُوْقَ بَعْضٍ He put, or threw, one part of it upon another. (K.)

He inserted a thing into a thing; as in the Qur'an, 2:18, يَجْعَلُونَ أَصَابِعَهُمْ فِى اذَانِهِمْ [They insert, or put, their fingers into their ears]. (TA.)

He put into the heart, or mind; as in the Qur'an, 57:27, وَجَلْنَا فِى قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً [And we put into the hearts of those who followed him pity and com- passion]. (TA.)

[He appointed, or assigned, or stipulated to give, or gave, wages, pay, or a stipend, &c.]. You say, جَعَلْتُ لَهُ جُعْلًا [I appointed him, &c., wages, pay, or a stipend]. (Msb.) And جَعَلَ لَهُ كَذَا عَلَى كَذَا He stipulated with him to give him such a thing for [doing] such a thing. (K.) And جَعَلَ [alone] He gave wages, pay, or a stipend, to another to serve for him in war, i. e., in his stead. (Mgh.) And لَهُ ↓ أَجْعَلْتُ I gave to him wages, pay, or a stipend. (S, * Mgh.) And جُعْلًا ↓ أَجْعَلَهُ and لَهُ ↓ أَجْعَلَهُ, He gave to him wages, pay, or a stipend. (K, TA.) And it is said in a tradition, جَعَلَ لِقَوْمِهِ مِايءَةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ عَلَى أَنْ يُسَلِّمُوا [He gave, or stipulated to give, to his people, or party, a hundred camels on the condition that they should surrender]. (Mgh.)

-A2- جَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا He set about, began, commenced, took to, or betook himself to, doing such a thing; (K, * TA;) he became occupied in doing such a thing. (TA.)

جَعَلَ is also, sometimes, an intrans. verb included among the verbs of appropinquation (أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ); as in the saying,

وَقَدْ جَعَلْتُ إِذَا مَا قُمْتُ يُثْقِلُنِى

ثَوْبِى فَأَنْهَضُ نَهْضَ الشَّارِبِ الثَّّمِلِ

[And I was beginning to be, or at the point of being, in such a state that, when I rose, my garment heavily burdened me, so that I stood up as stands up the intoxicated drinker]. (K.)

-A3- جَعِلَ, (S, K,) aorist جَعَلَ , (K,) verbal noun جَعَلٌ; (S;) and ↓ اجعل; (K;) It (water) had in it many جِعْلَان, plural of جُعَلٌ: (S, K:) or had in it dead جِعْلَان. (K.)

And جَعِلَ, (TK,) verbal noun جَعَلٌ, (IAar, K, TK,) He (a boy, TK) was, or became, short and fat. (IAar, K. [In the explanation of الجَعَلُ in the CK, القَصِيرُ is erroneously put for القِصَرُ.])

And He (a man, TK) persisted; or persisted obstinately; or persisted in contention, or litigation; or contended, or litigated; جَعَلٌ being synonym with لَجَاجٌ. (IAar, K.)