ق • د • م

, aor. قَدُمَ , inf. n. قَدْمٌ (S, * Msb, K) and قُدُومٌ; (K;) and ↓ تَقَدَّمَهُمْ; (S, * Msb, K;) and ↓ قَدَّمَهُمْ; and ↓ اِسْتَقْدَمَهُمْ; (K:) He became before the people: (TA:) syn. سَبَقَهُمْ; (Msb;) he preceded them; went before them; took precedence of them; headed them; led them, so as to serve as an example, or object of imitation. See أَمَّهُمْ. قَدِمَ البَلَدَ, aor. قَدَمَ , inf. n. قُدُومٌ and مَقْدَمٌ, [He came to, or arrived at, the town, &c.] (Msb.) أَخْذَنِى مَا قَدُمَ وَماَ حَدُثَ: see art. حدث. قَدِمَ عَلَى الأَمْرِ i. q. عَلَيْهِ ↓ أَقْدَمَ [He advanced boldly to undertake the affair]. (TA.) See an ex. in a verse voce مُضَافٌ. See 6.

He brought Zeyd near, or caused him to draw near, or to approach, to the wall. (Msb.) قَدَّمَهُ He put it forward; offered it; proffered it. He brought, and brought forward, him or it. قَدَّمَ لَهُ طَعَامًا He proffered, offered, or presented to him, food. قَدَّمَ He did good or evil previously, or beforehand: (Bd, and Jel in xxxvi. 11; &c.:) he laid up in store. (Bd in xii. 48.) See زَلَّفَهُ. قَدَّمَ He made foremost; put, brought, or sent, forward; he advanced him or it: he promoted him. قَدَّمَهُ عَلَى غَيَرِهِ, inf. n. تَقْدِيمٌ, He made him, or it, to be before, or have precedence of, another, in time: and in place; i. e. he placed, or put, him, or it, before another; or made him, or it, to precede another: and in rank, or dignity; i. e. he preferred him, or it, before another; or honoured, or esteemed, him, or it, above another. (Kull, p. 104.) قَدَّمَهُ لِكَذَا He prepared it, or provided it beforehand, for such a thing. See Kur, xii. 48. قَدَّمَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ خَيْرًا He prepared, or provided in store, for himself, good, [i. e. a reward,] with God. (A and Mgh in art. حسب.) قدّم لَهُ الثَّمَنَ He paid him in advance, or beforehand, the price. قَدَّمَ أَنْ Pَفْعَلَ كَذَا He preferred doing such a thing; syn. آثَرَ, i. e. فَضَّلَ. (M in art. أَثر.) [Hence, قَدَّمَ العَجْزَ فِىالشَّىْءِ He preferred backwardness with respect to the thing.] (See فَرَّطَ and فُرُطٌ: and see Kull, p. 279.) قَدَّمَ syn. with تَقَدَّمَ, q. v.: like as أَخَّرَ is with تَأَخَّرَ: so in the Kur, xli. 1. (TA, art, أخر.) قَدَّمَ [is trans. and intrans.: for its significations as an intrans. v., see its syn. تقدّم, and see 1:] as a trans. v. it is contr. of أَخَّرَ. (Msb, art. أخر.) قَدَّمَ is syn. with بَدَأَ بِهِ. (Mgh and Msb in art. بدأ.) قَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا: see تَقَدَّمَ. See تَأَذَّنَ voce آذَنَ. قَدَّمَ أَوْلَادًا and قَدَّمَتْهُمْ: see أَفْرَطَ. قَدَّمَهُ and ↓ أَقْدَمَهُ He urged him forward. (Mo'allakát, 157.) قَدَّمَ has تَقْدِمَةٌ for an inf. n.

He was bold, or audacious. أَقْدَمَ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He ventured upon, or addressed himself to, the thing boldly, courageously, or daringly; (S, K;) he attempted it. أَقْدَمَ على قِرْنِهِ He behaved boldly, courageously, or daringly, against his adversary; (Msb;) he attached him. See 1. أَقْدِمْ, (improperly إِقْدِمْ,) said to a horse, Advance boldly! (S.) So rendered voce أَهَابَ, and هَبْ.

He was, or became, or went, before, or ahead; preceded; had, or took, precedence; contr. of تَأَخَّرَ, q. v. See 1. تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الحَائِطِ He drew near, or approached, to the wall. (Msb.) تَقَدَّمَ He advanced; went forward, or onward. (L, art. قود.) تَقَدَّمَ عَلَى الحَقِّ: see Bd, xviii. 27. تَقَدَّمَ He became advanced, or promoted. تَقَدَّمَ مِنْهُ كَلاَمٌ: see فَرَطَ: but the primary meaning is, Speech proceeded from him previously. تَقَدَّمَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ quasi-pass. of قَدَّمَهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ; He, or it, was, or became, before, or had precedence of, another, in time: and in place; i. e. he, or it, was, or became, before another; preceded another; went before another: and in rank, or dignity; i. e. he, or it, was, or became, preferred before another; or honoured, or esteemed, above another: in all these senses like تَقَدَّمَ غَيْرَهُ. See بَكَّرَ. تَقَدَّمَ فِى أَمْرٍ [He was forward in an affair] قَبْلَ فِعْلِهِ [before doing it]. (A'Obeyd, T in art. رمى.) تَقَدَّمَ i. q. سَبَقَ; (K, art. سبق, &c.;) and contr. of تَأَخَّرَ. (TA, art. أخر.) تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا, (K,) or بِكَذَا, (Msb,) or both, (Mgh,) He commanded, ordered, bade, charged, or enjoined, him respecting, or to do, such a thing; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ قَدَّمَ, inf. n. تَقْدِيمٌ. (Msb.)

is best rendered It became old: and ↓ قَدُمَ it was old.

He did as he did, following his example; or taking him as an example, an exemplar, a pattern, or an object of imitation. (Msb.) He followed his example, imitated him; &c.

He went before. اِسْتَقْدَمَتْ رِحَالَتُكَ: see art. رحل.

in the Kur, xv. 24: see Bd; and see its opposite, المُسْتَأْخِرِينَ.

: see art. جرأ. المُقْدَم is here syn. with الإِقْدَام.

Very bold or daring or courageous (S, K,) against the enemy; (S;) as also مَقْدَامَةٌ. (S.) مِقْدَامَةٌ: see voce مِعْزاَبَة. [The pl.] مَقَادِمُ Fronts; fore parts. See an ex. voce أَعْثَرَ. مَقَادِيمُ The front of the forehead. (JK.)

[In front]. (K, voce ظُنْبُوبٌ.) قُدُمٌ: see أُخُرٌ.

A provost, chief, head, director, conductor, or manager. مُقَدَّمٌ The antecedent (or first proposition) in an enthymeme, and (first part) of a hypothetical proposition. مُقَدَّمَةٌ The van, or vanguard, of an army.

The ground whereon rests an inquiry or investigation: and the ground whereon rests the truth of an evidence or a demonstration: and a [premiss or] proposition which is made a part of a syllogism: and المُقَدِّمَةُ الغَرِيبَةُ is that [premiss] which is both actually and virtually suppressed in the syllogism; as when we say, A is equal to B, and B is equal to C, when it results that A is equal to C, by means of the مُقَدِّمَة غَرِيبَة, which is, every equal to the equal of a thing is equal to that thing. (KT.)

Preceding: anterior; being, or lying, in advance of others. مُتَقَدِّمٌ فِى الأُمُورِ Forward in affairs.

as applied to a part of a camel's saddle is an improper word: the proper term is وَاسِطٌ.

The human foot, from the ankle downwards. (Mgh.) لَهُ قَدَمٌ رَاسِخَةٌ فِى العِلْمِ: see art. رسخ. عَلَى قَدَمٍ عَظِيمٍ On an excellent foundation. فُلَانٌ عَلَى قَدَمِ فُلَانٍ Such a one is successor of such a one.

Ancient; old; to which no commencement is assigned. مَالٌ قَدِيمٌ Old, or long-possessed, property. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, all in art. تلد.) قَدِيمٌ The reputation (حَسَبٌ) of a man or people. (TA, art. دثر.) See a verse in 1 of art. ثنى. القَدِيمُ, as an epithet applied to God, i. q. القَدِيمُ الأَزَلِىُّ The Ancient without beginning.

An adz; [so in the present day, but pronounced قَدُّوم;] a certain implement of the carpenter; (S, Mgh, Msb;) a فَأْس with which one hews, or forms or fashions by cutting. (S.)

: respecting the feathers thus called, see voce مَنَاكِبُ, and أَبْهَرُ.

Oldness; antiquity. Existence, or duration, or time, without beginning; like أَزَلٌ (Kull, p. 31; &c.) See أَزَلٌ. عَلَى وَجْهِ الدَّهْرِ: قِدَمُ الدَّهْرِ means properly the olden time; antiquity. علَىَ قِدَمِ الدَّهْرِ [In, or from, old, or ancient, time; of old]. (S, M, K, art. أس; in the first and last of which it is coupled with the like phrase.)