اِشْتِقَاقٌ
1.
2.
And (assumed tropical:) The taking [or deriving] a word from a word, (S, K,) with the condition of reciprocal relation in meaning and [radical] composition, and of reciprocal difference in form: [and it is of three kinds:] الاِشْتِقَاقُ الصَّغِيرُ is that derivation in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the letters and in the order [thereof]; as in
ضَرَبَ
from
الضَّرْبُ: الاشتقاق الكَبِيرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words as to the letter and the meaning, exclusively of the order; as in
جَبَذَ
from
الجَذْبُ: الاشتقاق الأَكْبَرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the place [or places] of utterance; as in
نَعَقَ
from
النَّهْقُ. (KT.) [You say, اشتقّ
حَرْفًا or كَلِمَةً or لَفْظًا, and اسْمًا, He derived a word, and a name,
مِنْ اخَرَ
from another; and
شَقَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by a citation voce رَحِمٌ.]
3.
[And, as synonym with
اِخْتِرَاعٌ, (see 8 in article خرع,)] The constructing, or founding, (بُنْيَان,) of a thing of, or from, what is originated without premeditation. (M.)
4.
And (tropical:) The taking to the right and left, (S, K, TA,) not pursuing the right, or direct, course, (S, TA,) in speech, and in contention, or disputation, or litigation: (S, K, TA:) or اِشْتِقَاقُ الكَلَامِ signifies the taking to the right and left in speech: (so in a copy of the M: [but I think that the right reading is الاِشْتِقَاقُ فِى الكَلَامِ, agreeably with what here follows:]) you say, اشتقّ فِى الكَلَامِ, and فِى الخُصُومَةِ. (TK.) See also 6. And [in like manner] one says of a horse, اشتقّ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) He went to the right and left in his running. (M. [See also أَشَقُّ.])
5.
اشتقّ الطَّرِيقُ فِى الفَلَاةِ (tropical:) The road went [or branched off] into the desert. (TA. [See also 7.])