عَبْدٌ
1.
, originally an epithet, but used as a subst., (Sb, TA,) A male slave; (S, A, O, L, Msb, K;) i. q.
مَمْلُوكٌ; (L, K;) [but عَبْدٌ is now generally applied to a male black slave; and مَمْلُوكٌ, to a male white slave; and this distinction has long obtained;] opposite of
حُرٌّ; (S, A, O, L, Msb;) as also
عَبْدَلٌ, (L, K,) in which the ل is augmentative: (L:) and a servant, or worshipper, of God, and of a false god, or of the Devil: (Lth, L, &c.:) [you say عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ and عَبْدُ الشَّمْسِ &c.: see also عَابِدٌ, which signifies the same; and see the remarks in this paragraph on the pls. عَبِيدٌ and عِبَادٌ and عَبَدَةٌ &c.:] and a man, or human being; (M, A, L, K;) as being a bondman (مَرْبُوبٌ) to his Creator; (L;) applied to a male and to a female; (Ibn-Hazm, TA;) whether free or a slave: (K:) plural أَعْبُدٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَعْبِدَةٌ and أَعْبَادٌ, (IKtt, TA,) [all pls. of pauc.,] of which the first is the most commonly known, (Msb,) and
عَبِيدٌ and عِبَادٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) which two and the first are the most commonly known of all the many pls. of عَبْدٌ, (Msb,) عَبِيدٌ being like كَلِيبٌ as plural of كَلْبٌ, a rare form of plural; (S, O;) or, according to some, it is a quasipl. n.; according to Ibn-Málik, فَعِيلٌ occurs as a plural measure, but sometimes they use it in the manner of a plural and make it feminine, as in the instance of عَبِيدٌ, and sometimes they use it in the manner of quasi-plural ns. and make it masculine, as in the instances of حَجِيجٌ and كَلِيبٌ; (MF;) [according to the general and more approved opinion, it is a quasi-plural n., and therefore feminine and masculine, but most commonly feminine;] and further it should be remarked that the common people agree in making a difference between عَبِيدٌ and عِبَادٌ, by the former meaning slaves [and by the latter meaning servants of God and also simply, with the article ال, mankind], saying, هٰوءُلَاءِ عَبِيدٌ
these are slaves, and هٰذَا عَبْدٌ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللّٰهِ [this is a servant, of the servants of God]: (Az, L:) [and a distinction is also made between عِبَادٌ and عَبَدَةٌ, respecting which see what follows:] other pls. of عَبْدٌ are عُبْدَانٌ, (S, O, K,) like تُمْرَانٌ plural of تَمْرٌ, (S, O,) and عِبْدَانٌ, (S, O, K,) like جِحْشَانٌ plural of جَحْشٌ, (S, O,) and عُبُدٌ, (S, O, K,) like سُقُفٌ plural of سَقْفٌ, (S, O,) or this is plural of عَبِيدٌ, like رُغُفٌ plural of رَغِيفٌ, (Zj,) and is also a plural of عَابِدٌ, (L,) and some read [in the Qur'an, 5:65 عُبُدَ الطَّاغُوتِ, (Akh, S, O,) and عُبْدٌ (MF) and عُبُودٌ and عُبَّدٌ and عُبَّادٌ and عَبَدَةٌ, (IKtt, TA,) the last three of which are also pls. of عَابِدٌ: (L:) one says of the worshippers of a plurality of gods, هُمْ عَبَدَةُ
الطَّاغُوتِ [they are the servants of Et-Tághoot]; but the Muslims one calls عِبَادُ اللّٰهِ, meaning the servants, or worshippers, of God: (Lth, L:) [all these are pls. in the proper sense of the term, of the broken class:] and عَبْدُونَ, (O, K,) a plural of the sound class, adopted because عَبْدٌ is originally an epithet: (TA:) and [the following, with the exception of the first, and of some which are particularized as being pls. of pls., are also said to be pls., but are properly speaking quasi-plural ns., namely,]
عَبُدٌ, (O, K,) according to some, who read [in the Qur'an ubi suprà] عَبُدَ الطَّاغُوتِ, making the former a prefixed noun, as meaning the servants (خَدَم) of Et-Tághoot; but it is a n. of the measure فَعُلٌ, like حَذُرٌ and نَدُسٌ, not a plural; the meaning being the servant (خَادِم) of Et- Tághoot; (Akh, S, O;) and it is also used by poetic license for عَبْدٌ; (Fr, T, S, O;) and
عِبِدَّانٌ and
عِبِدَّاءُ and
عِبِدَّى; (S, O, K;) or, according to some, the last of these signifies slaves born in a state of slavery; and the female is termed
عَبْدَةٌ; and Lth says that
عِبِدَّى signifies a number of slaves born in a state of slavery, generation after generation; but Az says that this is a mistake, that عِبِدَّى اللّٰهِ signifies the same as عبَادُ اللّٰهِ, that it is thus used in a tradition, and that عِبِدَّى is applied in another tradition to poor men of the class called أَهْلُ الصُّفَّة; (L;) and
عُبُدَّاءُ and
عِبِدَّةٌ and
عِبَادٌّ (IKtt, TA) and
مَعْبَدَةٌ, like مَشْيَخَةٌ, (T, O, K,) and
مَعْبُودَاءُ (Yaakoob, S, O, K) and
مَعْبُودَى, (IKtt, TA,) and [plural plural]
مَعَابِدُ, (O, K,) said to be plural of مَعْبَدَةٌ; (TA;) and plural plural أَعَابِدُ, (K,) plural of أَعْبُدٌ; (TA;) and عَبِيدُونَ, (Es-Suyootee, MF,) apparently plural of
عَبِيدٌ. (MF.) فَادْخُلِى فِى عِبَادِى, in the Qur'an, 89:29, means Then enter thou among my righteous servants: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or it means فِى حِزْبِى [among my peculiar party]. (S, O.)
2.
Also (tropical:) Ignoble, or base-born; like as حُرٌّ is used to signify “ generous, ” “ noble, ” or “ well-born. ” (Mgh in article حر.)
3.
4.
And A short and broad
نَصْل [or arrow-head, or spear-head, or blade]. (AA, O, * K.)