عَفْوٌ

[a verbal noun; for which see 1, throughout.

And also] A land in which is no sign of the way nor trace of habitation or cultivation; untrodden, and not having in it any traces, or vestiges, or footprints: (S:) or a country, or portion of the earth or of land, in which is no trace of its being possessed by any one: and so عَفًا. (K.)

And A redundant portion, (S, Mgh, K,) being such as is left, (Mgh,) of property, remaining over and above what is expended. (S.) A poet says, [apparently addressing his wife,]

خُذِى العَفْوَ مِنِّى تَسْتَدِيمِى مَوَدَّتِى

وَلَا تَنْطِقِى فِى سَوْرَتِى حِينَ أَغْضَبُ

[Take thou what is redundant from me, seeking the continuance of my affection; and speak not in my fit of irritation, when I am angry]. (S.) قُلِ العَفْوَ, in the Qur'an, 2:217, means Say thou, Expend ye what is redundant and abundant. (TA.) And خُدِ العَفْوَ, in the same [vii. 198]. means [Take thou, or accept thou,] what is redundant: or accept thou what is easily obtained from the dispositions of men; and oppose them not, for in that case they would oppose thee, and thence would be engendered hatred and enmity. (TA.) And you say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَفْوَ المَالِ i. e. [I gave him, of the property, that for which he did not ask; or spontaneously;] without being asked. (S.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَفْوًا [I gave him spontaneously;] without being asked: (K, TA:) or without constraint. (TA.) And أَدْرَكَ الأَمْرَ عَفْوًا He attained the thing easily. (TA.) And أَتَانِى ذٰلِكَ عَفْوًا [That came to me easily]. (A and K in article غمض.)

Also The portion of water that remains over and above what is required by the شَارِيَة [which may mean either the people that dwell thereby and to whom it belongs or the drinkers], (K, TA,) and is taken without constraint and without crowding or pressing. (TA.)

And The most lawful, (أَحَلُّ,) so in the copies of the K, but in the M أَجْمَلُ [most beautiful, or goodly], (TA,) and most pleasant, of wealth, or property: (M, K, TA:) and the clear portion thereof. (TA.)

And The choice, and best, or most excellent, portion of a thing, (K, TA,) and such as is not attended with fatigue, or weariness. (TA.)

And Goodness, or beneficence; or a benefit, or benefaction: synonym مَعْروفٌ. (K.)

And A first run: one says of a courser, هُوَ ذُو عَفْوٍ وَعَقِبٍ He has a first run, and a subsequent, and more vehement, ran. (A in article عقب.)

Also, and عُفْوٌ, and عِفْوٌ, A young ass; and so عَفًا; (S, K;) or, according to ISk, عِفًا: (S:) and the female is called عَفْوَةٌ (S, TA) and عِفَاوَةٌ: (TA:) plural [of mult.], according to the copies of the K, عَفْوَةٌ, but correctly عِفَوَةٌ, said by ISd to be the only instance of a word with و as a final radical movent after a fet-hah, (TA,) and عِفَاءٌ, (ISd, K, TA,) and [of pauc.] أَعْفَاءٌ: (ISd, TA:) and [hence] أَبُو العِفَاءِ means The ass; (K, TA;) [lit. the father of the young asses;] العفَاء being plural of عَفْوٌ signifying the young ass. (TA.)