ب • أ • س

, aor. يَبْوءُسُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَأْسٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or بَأْسَةٌ; (M; [so I find in a copy of the M, but perhaps it is a mistranscription for بَاسَةٌ;]) and بَيءِسَ, [aor. يَبْأَسُ,] inf. n. بَأْسٌ; (M;) He was, or became, mighty, or strong, in war or fight; (K;) courageous, or valiant: (M, Msb, K:) or very mighty or strong in war or fight. (AZ, S.) -A2- بَيءْسُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. يَبْأَسُ (S, M, K) and يَبْيءِسُ, the latter extr., like يَنْعِمُ aor. of نَعِمَ, (M,) [and some other instances, (see حَسِبَ,)] inf. n. بُوءْسٌ (S, Msb, * K) and بُوءُوسٌ and بُوءْسَى (K) and بَأْسٌ (TA) and بَيءيسٌ, (S, K,) [in measure] like أَمِيرٌ, (TA,) [accord. to the CK بِيءْسٌ, which is a mistake,] and بَيءِيسَى, (TS, TA,) incorrectly written in the copies of the K بِيءْسَي; (TA;) or بَوءُسَ; (A;) or both these forms; (M;) He was, or became, in a state of distress; straitened in his means of subsistence, or in the conveniences of life; (M, Msb;) in a state of poverty: (M, A, Msb, * TA:) or in a state of pressing want: (S, K, TA:) and بَوءُسَ, inf. n. بَاسَةٌ and بَيءِيسٌ, whence the subst. بَوءْسَى, he was, or became, in a state of trial, or affliction: (M:) and [in like manner,] ↓ أَبْأَسَ, (inf. n. إِبْاسٌ,S,) distress, or poverty, or misfortune, or calamity, (البَأْسَاءُ,) befell him. (IAar, S, * M, TA.) -A3- بِيءْسَ, also written بَيءِسَ and بِيءِسَ and بَأْسَ, (S, K,) is a word of dispraise or blame, (S,) implying all kinds of dispraise or blame, (TA,) [or superlative dispraise or blame; signifying, Very evil or bad is he, or it: or superlatively evil or bad is he, or it:] contr. of نِعمَ: (S, M, TA:) a pret. verb, imperfectly inflected, (S, K,) like نِعْمَ, (S,) [having only one variation of form, namely, the fem. بِيءْسَتْ, though the masc. is more commonly used even when the agent is fem. or pl.,] because it is translated from its original application, (S, K,) i. e. from بَيءِسَ فُلَانٌ signifying أَصَابَ بُوءْسًا [he found, met with, or experienced, distress, &c.], to signify dispraise or blame. (S, TA.) When it is accompanied by a gen. n. without the article ال, this is always in the accus. case: but when the n. has the article ال, it is always in the nom. case: (TA:) you say, بِيءْسَ رَجُلًا زَيْدً [Very evil or bad, or superlatively evil or bad, as a man, is Zeyd; رجلا being a specificative]: (K:) and بِيءْسَ الرَّجُلُ زَيْدٌ [Very evil, &c., is the man, Zeyd]; and بِيءْسَتِ المَرْأَةُ هِنْدٌ [or more commonly بِيءْسَ العَيْرُ in this case also, Very evil, &c., is the woman, Hind]. (S.) Some argue that it is a noun, from the saying, نِعْمَ السَّيْرُ عَلَى بِيءْسَ العَيْرُ, because it has a prep.; but this is explained as elliptical, and meaning, نِعَمَ السَّيْرُ عَلَى عَيْرٍ مَقُولٍ فِيهِ بِيءْسَ العيْرُ [Excellent is the journeying upon an ass of which it is said Very evil, &c., is the ass]. (I 'Ak p. 232.) Zj says that when it is followed by مَا, then مَا, with it, is regarded as occupying the place of an indeterminate noun; [namely, شَيْيءًا, as a specificative; as in the Kur ii. 84,بِيءْسَ مَا اشْتَرَوا بِهِ أَنْفُسَهُمْ, or بِيءْسَمَا, &c., Very evil, &c., as a thing, is that for which they have sold, or exchanged, themselves:] (TA:) but some say that it is the agent, and is a determinate noun; and this is the opinion of Ibn-Kharoof, which he ascribes to Sb. (I 'Ak ubi suprà.) [For further illustration, see نِعْمَ.]

He feigned the lowliness, or submissiveness, of poverty, humbling, or abasing, himself, (K,* TA,) with men; and ↓ تَبَأَّسَ is allowable in the same sense. (TA.)

, (M, A,) and مِنْهُ, (S, TA,) He was distressed by it, or at it; it does not signify dislike: (IB, TA:) or he grieved at it, (S, M, A,) and humbled and abased himself: so in the Kur xi. 38 and xii. 69. (M, A, TA.) It is said of a man when a thing that he dislikes becomes known to him. (AZ, TA.)

The most vehement refusal. (Th, M.)

Might, or strength, (S, A, Msb, K,) in war or fight: (S, A, K:) courage; valour, or valiantness; prowess. (M, K.) War, or fight; (M, Msb;) as also ↓ بَيءِيْسٌ (M) and ↓ بَأْسَاءُ: (TA:) pl. of the first,أَبْوءَسٌ. (Msb.) Hence, (M,) (assumed tropical:) Fear, (M, TA,) in the saying, لَا بأْسَ عَلَيْكَ, (M, TA, *) and بِكَ, (M,) [(assumed tropical:) There is no fear for thee: lit., there is no war against thee, or with thee]: the saying of which to an enemy implies the granting him security, or protection: and in the same sense it is used in a trad., in the phrase اِشْتَدَّ البَأْسُ [(assumed tropical:) Fear became vehement]. (TA.) I. q. ضَرَرٌ (assumed tropical:) [Harm, injury, &c.]: so in the phrase لَا بَأْسَ [There is, or will be, no harm, &c.; and لَا بَأْسَ بِكَذَا, and فِى كَذَا, (assumed tropical:) There is, or will be, no harm in such a thing]. (Har p. 311.) It is said in a trad., لَا بَأْسَ بِالْغِنَي لِمَنِ اتَّقَي [There is no harm in wealth to him who is pious]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer of Es-Suyootee.) بَاس also occurs for بَأْس; the being suppressed, agreeably with analogy; not altered by permutation. (M, TA.) Punishment: (S, A, K:) or severe punishment; (TA;) as also ↓ بَيءِسٌ, in measure like كَتِفٌ. (IAar, TA.) See also بُوءْسٌ, in two places.

: see بَأْسٌ: and بُوءْسٌ: the latter, in five places. Zj explains it as signifying, in the Kur vi. 42, Hunger. (M, TA. *) Also The act of beating, or striking. (Lth, TA.)

Distressed; straitened in his means of subsistence, or in the conveniences of life; (Msb;) or poor: (A, Msb: *) or one who is in want, and an object of pity for what he suffers: (TA:) or in a state of pressing want: (S:) or in a state of trial, or affliction: (M, TA:) or one who is crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, by disease, or who suffers from a protracted disease, and is in need: (Mgh:) an epithet denoting pity, (Sb, M, TA,) or grief: (Mgh:) ↓ بُوءْسٌ occurs as its pl.; (M, TA;) or is for ذَوُوبُوءْسٍ. (M.)

One in whom بُوءْس [i. e. distress &c.] is apparent, or manifest. (M, TA.)

See بَأْسٌ.

-A2- and see بَيءِيسٌ.

: see بَأْسٌ: and بُوءْسٌ: the latter, in two places. -A2- Mighty, or strong, in war or fight; (A;) courageous, or valiant. (S, M, Msb, K.) عَذَابٌ بيءِيسٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بِيءِيسٌ, agreeably with a general rule applying to words of this description, (M,) and ↓ بِيءْسٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ بَيءِسٌ, (M,) and ↓ بَيْيءَسٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ بَيءْيءَسٌ, (M,) and ↓ بَيِّسٌ, and ↓ بَيْسٌ, which last, however, is of no authority, (M,) or ↓ بِيسٌ, and بَيِيسٌ, with the changed into ى, (TA,) A vehement punishment: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur vii. 165. (TA.)

and بَيْيءِسٌ: see بَيءِيسٌ. The former also signifies Strong. (K, TA.) And hence, (TA,) البَيْيءَسُ The lion. (K, TA.)

and بِيْسٌ and بَيْسٌ and بَيِّسٌ: see بَيءِيسٌ. بَنَاتُ بِيءْسٍ Calamities; misfortunes. (K.)

(also written بُوسٌ, with the suppressed, Msb) Distress; straitness of the means of subsistence, or of the conveniences of life; poverty: (M, Msb,* TA:*) or a state of pressing want: (S, K:) or misfortune; calamity: (A:) and ↓ بُوءُوسٌ and ↓ بُوءْسَى (K, TA) and ↓ بَأْسَاءُ (M, A) and ↓ بَأْسٌ (TA) and ↓ بَيءِيسٌ (S, K) and ↓ بَيءِيسَى (TA) and ↓ مَبْأَسَةٌ (M, TA) [all of which, except ↓ بَأْسَاءُ and ↓ مَبْأَسَةٌ, are said to be inf. ns. (see بَيءِسَ)] signify the same as بُوءْسٌ: (S, M, A, K, TA:) ↓ بُوءْسَى and ↓ بَأْسَاءُ are both from بُوءْسٌ [with which they are syn. accord. to authorities indicated above]; (Zj, IDrd, TA;) the former is contr. of نُعْمَى, (S, TA,) and in like manner the latter is contr. of نَعْمَاءُ: (TA:) the latter is of the measure فَعْلَاءُ without any أَفْعَلُ, because it is a subst.; like as أَفْعَلُ occurs among substs. without any فَعَلَاءُ, as in the instance of أَحْمَدُ: (Akh, S:) or ↓ بُوءْسَى signifies a state of trial or affliction, and is a subst.; and ↓ بَيءِيسٌ and ↓ بَاسَةٌ signify the same, but are inf. ns.: (M:) and ↓ بَأْسَاءُ is syn. with شِدَّةٌ [like بُوءْسٌ in the first of the senses explained above]; (S, TA;) and مَشَقَّةٌ [meaning distress, or difficulty]: (TA:) or it signifies misfortune, or calamity, (A, K,) like بُوءْسٌ; (A;) and so أَبْوءُسٌ: (S, K:) or rather this last signifies misfortunes, or calamities; for it is pl. of ↓ بَأْسٌ, i. e., a pl. of pauc.; not of بُوءْسٌ, as J asserts it to be; for the pl. of pauc. of بُوءْسٌ is أَبْاسٌ: (IB, TA:) but أَبْوءُسٌ may be used as pl. of ↓ بَأْسَاءُ. (Fr, in S, voce ضَرَّاءُ, q. v.) [See exs. of these two pls. in what follows.] You say يَوْمُ بُوءْسٍ وَيَوْمُ نُعْمٍ [A day of distress, or poverty, &c., and a day of ease and plenty]. (S, TA.) And بُوءْسًا لَهُ [May distress, or poverty, &c., befall him]: a form of imprecation. (Sb, M, TA.) And بُوءْسَ ابْنِ سُمَيَّةَ, app. an expression of pity [meaning Alas for the distress, &c., of Ibn-Sumeiyeh!]. (TA, from a trad.) And عَسَىَ الغُوَيْرُ أَبْوءُسًا Perhaps the little cave [may be attended with] calamities; not calamity, as in the S [and K]: (IB:) a prov.; (S;) originating from a cave's having collapsed upon some men in it; or from an enemy's having come to some men in a cave, and slain them; wherefore it is applied to anything whence evil is feared: (As, S, K, in art. غور:) or it is applied to him who is suspected of a thing: (IAar, TA:) or الغُوَيْرُ was the name of a certain water, which belonged to the tribe of Kelb, and the words of this prov. were said by Ez-Zebbà, when Kaseer turned aside from the plain road, and took the way to الغُوَيْرُ: (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S, K, in art. غور:)ابوءسا is in the accus. case by reason of يَكُونُ understood. (Mughnee.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 94.] ElKumeyt also says,

قَالُوا أَسَاءَ بَنُو كُرْزٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ

عَسَى الغُوَيْرُ بِأَبْاسٍ وَأغْوَارِ

[They said, Benoo-Kurz have done evil: and I said to them, Perhaps the little cave may be attended with calamities and connected with other caves]: أَبْاس is here pl. of بُوءْس. (IB, TA.) [In the S, the last words are written بِإِبْاسٍ وَإِعْوَارٍ, in one copy: in another, وإِغْوَارِ: both of which are app. wrong.] See also بَايءِسٌ.

: see بُوءْسٌ

Disliking, or hating: (S, M, K:) and grieving: (S, K:) or rather, distressed, by, or at, a thing; not disliking, or hating: (IB, TA:) or grieving, and humbling and abasing himself. (Zj, M, TA.)