قَرَأَ الشَّىْءَ

, [aorist قَرَاَ ,] verbal noun قُرْانٌ, He collected together the thing; put it, or drew it, together; (S, O, K, TA;) part to part, or portion to portion. (S, O, TA.) [This seems to be generally regarded as the primary signification.]

Hence the saying of the Arabs, مَا قَرَأَتْ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةُ سَلًى قَطُّ and مَا قَرَأَتْ جِنِينًا, meaning This she-camel has not contracted her womb upon a young one: (S, O, TA:) but most say that the meaning is, her womb has not comprised, or enclosed, a fœtus: or the former saying means she has not borne a fœtus: according to AHeyth, this same saying and مَا قَرَأَتْ مَلْقُوحًا are both said to mean, by some, she has not borne in her womb a young one ever: and by some, she has not let fall a young one, ever; i. e. she has not been pregnant: and according to ISh, one says, ضَرَبَ الفَحْلُ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى غَيْرِ قَرْءٍ [which seems to mean The stallion covered the she-camel without her bringing forth, or becoming pregnant; for he adds that قرء الناقة means ضعتها; apparently ضَعَتُهَا or ضِعَتُهَا; but I have not found ضَعَةٌ nor ضِعَةٌ among the inf. ns. of وَضَعَتْ meaning “ she brought forth; ” and I rather think that the right reading is ضَغَنُهَا or ضِغْنُهَا, and that the meaning therefore is, without her inclining, or being desirous: see 10, third sentence; and see قَرْءُ الفَرَسِ]: and there is another saying; that لَمْ تَقْرَأْ جَنِينًا means She has not, or did not, cast forth a fœtus, or a young one. (TA.) One says also, of the she-camel, (K, TA,) and of the ewe, or she-goat, (TA,) قَرَأَتْ, alone, meaning She became pregnant: (K, TA:) and likewise, of the pregnant [in general], or of the she-camel, according to different copies of the K, (TA,) meaning she brought forth: (K, TA:) ISh says that قَرَأَتْ is used in relation to a she-camel; and أَقْرَأَتْ, in relation to a woman: [each, apparently, in the former sense and in the latter:] and that one says نَاقَةٌ قَارِيءٌ; plural نُوقٌ قَوَارِيءُ. (TA.)

See also 4.

قَرَأَ الكِتَابِ, (S, O, Msb, * K, *) and بِهِ, (Msb, * K,) the verb being transitive by itself and by means of ب, or this particle is redundant, (Msb,) and sometimes the ء is suppressed, so that one says [قَرَى and] قَرَيْتُ &c., (TA,) aorist قَرَاَ and قَرُاَ , (K,) the latter aorist on the authority of Ez-Zejjájee, as is said in the L, but generally ignored, (TA,) verbal noun قِرَاءَةٌ and قُرْانٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and قَرْءٌ, (Msb, K,) this last mentioned by Az; (Msb;) and اقترأهُ; (K;) He read [the book, or Scripture], or recited [it]: (K, TA:) or قَرَأْتُ القُرْانَ means [properly, or etymologically, according to some,] I uttered [the words of] the Qur'an in a state of combination [or uninterruptedly]; (O, TA;) as Ktr is related to have said: (O:) [or قَرَأَ as used in a case of this kind apparently signifies properly he read, or recited, the Scripture chanting; like as أَنْشَدَ properly signifies “ he recited ” poetry “ chanting with a high voice: ” (for Scripture and poetry are usually chanted:) then, he read, or recited, anything in any manner, without, or from, or in, a book.] It is said in a tradition, مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ القُرْانَ غَضًّا كَمَا أُنْزِلَ فَلْيَقْرَأْهُ قِرَاءَةَ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ [He who desires to read, or recite, the Qur'an freshly, like as it was revealed, let him read, or recite, it in the manner of Ibn-Umm-'Abd]; meaning فَلْيُرَنِّلْ كَتَرْتِيلِهِ [properly, let him read, or recite, in a leisurely manner, with distinct utterance, and with moderation; but conventionally, let him chant, in a peculiar, distinct, and leisurely, manner; like as he did]: or يُحَزِّنْ كَتَحْزِينِهِ [let him read, or recite, with a slender and plaintive voice, like as he did]: or يَحْدُرْهُ كَحَدْرِهِ [let him read it, or recite it, quickly, like as he did]. (O.) And in a tradition of I'Ab, it is said, كَانَ لَا يَقْرَأُ فِى الظُّهْرِ وَالعَصْرِ, meaning He used not to recite [the Qur'an- án] aloud in the [prayers of the] noon and the [period of the afternoon called the] عْصر: or he used not to make himself to hear his reciting: as though he heard persons reciting and making themselves and those near them to hear. (TA.) The saying, in the Qur'an, 75:17 and 18], إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْانَهُ فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَاهُ فَاتَّبِع قُرْانَهُ means Verily on us is the collecting thereof [i. e. of the Qur'an] and the reciting thereof; and when we recite it, then follow thou the reciting thereof: or, according to I'Ab, and when we explain it to thee, then do thou according to that which we have explained to thee: (S, O, TA:) or the meaning [signified and implied] is, verily on us is the collecting thereof in thy mind, and the fixing the recitation thereof on thy tongue; and when we recite it to thee by the tongue of Gabriel, then follow thou the reciting thereof, and often recur therein so that it may become firmly rooted in thy understanding: (Bd:) [therefore قُرْانَهُ in the former instance means the teaching thee to recite it; and thus we may explain the assertion that] قَرَأَ and أَقْرَأَ are synonym in like manner as are عَلَا قِرْنَهُ and استعلاهُ. (Sb, TA.) See 4. قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ means He read, or recited, to him the Qur'an, &c., [as a teacher, or an informant; (as is shown by phrases in the Qur'an, 26:199 and lxxxiv. 21;) like تَلَا عَلَيْهِ: and also, as a conventional and post-classical phrase,] as a pupil, or learner, to his sheykh, or preceptor. (L.) قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ and السَّلَامَ أَقْرَأَهُ are synonym, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) signifying He conveyed, or delivered, to him the salutation: or the latter phrase is not used unless the salutation is written: (K, TA:) or belongs to a particular dialect; and is used when the salutation is written, meaning he made him to read the salutation: (AHát, TA:) the aorist of the verb in the former phrase is قَرَاَ , and the verbal noun is قِرَاءَةٌ: As says that the making that verb transitive by itself is a mistake; therefore one should not say اِقْرَأْهُ السَّلَامَ [meaning Convey thou, or deliver thou, to him, salutation]. (Msb.)