ثُنْيَا
1.
a subst. from اِسْتِثْنَاءٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as also
ثَنْوَى; the former with damm, and the latter with fet-h: (S, Msb:) both are synonym with اِسْتِثْنَاءٌ [used as a subst., meaning An exception]; (T;) as also
ثَنِيَّةٌ, (T, K,) or
ثُنْيَةٌ, (according to one copy of the T,) and
مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ: (T:) so in the saying, حَلَفَ يَمِينًا لَيْسَ فِيهَا ثُنْيَا and
ثُنْوَى and
ثَنِيَّةٌ or
ثُنْيَةٌ and
مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [he swore an oath in which there was not an exception]; for when the swearer says, “ By God I will not do such and such things unless God will otherwise, ” he reverses what he [first] says by God's willing otherwise: (T: [see 10:]) [and so in the saying,]
حَلْفَةٌ غَيْرُ ذَاتِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٍ
a swearing not made lawful [by an exception]: (M:) [so too in the saying,]
بَيْعٌ مَا فِيهِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [and ثُنْيَا &c.] (K in article لحج) a sale in which there is not an exception: (TA in that article:) or ثُنْيَا signifies a thing excepted, (M, Mgh, K,) whatever it be; (K) as also
ثَنْوَى, (M, K,) with و substituted for ى, (M,) or
ثُنْوَى, (so in the TA, [but probably through inadvertence,]) and
ثَنِيَّةٌ, (M, K,) or
ثُنْيَةٌ. (TA.) In a sale, it is unlawful when it is the exception of a thing unknown; and when one sells a slaughtered camel for a certain price and excepts the head and extremities: (T, TA:) or when an exception is made from things sold without measuring or weighting or numbering: and in a contract with another for labour upon land on the condition of sharing the produce, it is when one excepts a certain measure after the half or the third. (IAth, TA.) The saying of Mo- hammad, مَنِ اسْتَثْنَى فَلَهُ ثُنْيَاهُ means Whoso maketh an exception, his shall be what he excepteth: (M, TA: *) as, for instance, when one says, “ I divorce her thrice, save once: ” or “ I emancipate them, except such a one. ” (TA.)
2.
It also means particularly The head and legs of a slaughtered camel; (T, M, * K;) because the seller of the camel used, in the Time of Ignorance, to except them; (T;) and IF adds, but incorrectly, the back-bone: (Sgh, TA:) whence, applied to a she-camel, مُذَكَّرَةُ الثُّنْيَا, (T, M,) meaning Resembling the make of the male in [the largeness of] her head and legs; (Th, M;) or جُمَالِيَّةُ الثُّنْيَا, having thick legs, like those of the male camel in thickness. (T.) [Also, apparently, The exception, or omission, of a day, in irrigation: see 3 in article ثلث, and ثِلْثٌ in the same article] And
ثَنِيَّةٌ signifies also A palm-tree that is excepted from a bargain. (M, K.) And The martyrs whom God has excepted from those who shall fall down dead or swooning: (M, K:) these, according to Kaab, are اللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ
ثَنِيّةُ [those whom God has excepted on the earth]; (T, M;) alluded to in the Qur'an, 39:68, where it is said, “ And the horn shall be blown, and those who are in the heavens and those on the earth shall fall down dead, or swooning, except those whom God shall please [to except]. ” (T.)