تَقْوَى

, or تَقْوًى, according to different readings in the Qur'an, 9:110, (Bd,) [of which readings the former is the more common,] is originally تَقْيَا, (K,) [or تَقْيًا,] or [rather وَقْيَا, or وَقْيًا, and then] وَقْوَى, of the measure فَعْلَى, from وَقَيْتُ, (ISd, TA,) or, according to MF, the right opinion is that it is [وَقْوًى,] of the measure فَعْوَلٌ, (TA,) and is thus transformed in order to make a distinction between the subst. and the epithet such as خَزْيَا and صَدْيَا: (K:) it is a subst. from اِتَّقَى or وَقَى; (Msb, K;) [and signifies Fear; caution; &c.: (see 1:) and particularly reverential, or pious, fear of God: or simply piety: or the preservation, or guarding, of oneself, according to some, exceedingly, or extraordinarily, from sin, either of commission or of omission: or the preservation, or guarding, of oneself from punishment in the world to come, and from acts of disobedience, by righteous conduct: or righteousness, virtue, justice, or honesty: (see تَقِىٌّ:) its explanations in relation to religion are many and various, but are all resolvable into fear of God, or of sin; or the preservation, or guarding, of oneself from sin:] and ↓ تَقِيَّةٌ and ↓ تُقَاةٌ are synonym with each other (S) and with تَقْوَي, (Msb,) and are used as inf. ns. of اِتَّقَى: (S:) and ↓ تُقًى [also] is synonym with تَقْوَي; (S;) or it is plural of ↓ تُقَاةٌ, or a coll. n., (Kzz, IB, Msb,) like as طُلًى is of طُلَاةٌ, (Kzz, IB,) and as رُطَبٌ is of رُطَبَةٌ. (Msb.) وَاتَاهُمْ تَقْوَاهُمْ, in the Qur'an, 47:19, means And hath explained to them, (Bd,) or suggested to them, (Jel, TA,) what they should fear, or that from which they should preserve themselves: (Bd, Jel, TA:) or hath aided them to practise their تَقْوَى: (Bd:) or hath given them the recompense of their تقوى. (Bd, TA.) And هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى, in the Qur'an, 74, last verse, means He is entitled, or worthy, to be feared; or to be reverentially, or piously, feared. (Bd, Jel, K.)