قَرُبَ

, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) synonym دَنَا; (S, O;) opposite of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, according to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [apparently relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [apparently as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aorist قَرَبَ ; (S, K;) verbal noun (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) synonym دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aorist قَرَبَ , and قَرَبْتُهُ, aorist قَرُبَ , i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, verbal noun قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an example of the former meaning is the saying [in the Qur'an, 17:34, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, according to some, this is an example of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, verbal noun قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an example of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in article قدم. [See article بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is explained by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in article دلو: see 5 in that article) [And several other verbs belonging to this article are synonym, or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses explained above. Thus ↓ اقرب is synonym with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses explained above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its verbal noun] الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is synonym with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses explained above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is synonym with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is synonym with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Qur'an, 21:97 signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى [meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is synonym with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.)

قَرُبَ, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.)

In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.)

-A2- قَرَبَ, aorist قَرُبَ ; inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] according to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but according to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.)

And قَرَبْتُ المَاءَ, aorist قَرُبَ , verbal noun قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَاءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.)

And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a tradition, وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus explained by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.)

-A3- قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) verbal noun قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) verbal noun إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (according to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (according to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.)

-A4- قَرْبٌ [as a verbal noun of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, plural of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.)

-A5- And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aorist قَرَبَ , verbal noun apparently قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its verbal noun,]) verbal noun تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.)