أخَذَ

, (S, A, L, &c.,) in the first pers. of which, أَخَذْتُ, [and the like,] the ذ is generally changed into ت, and incorporated into the [augmentative] ت, [but in pronunciation only, for one writes أَخَذتُّ and the like,] aorist اَخُذَ , imperative خُذْ, originally اوءْخُذْ, (S, L,) which latter form sometimes occurs, [but with و in the place of وءْ when the ا is pronounced with damm,] (TA,) verbal noun أَخْذٌ (S, L, Msb, K, &c.) and تَأْخَاذٌ, (S, L, K,) the latter having an intensive signification; (MF;) and وَخَذَ is a dialect var., as mentioned by Ibn-Umm-Kásim and others on the authority of AHei; (MF in article تخذ;) He took; he took with his hand; he took hold of; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) a thing. (S, L.) You say, خُذِ الخِطَامَ and خُذْ بِالخِطَامَ Take thou, or take thou with thy hand, or take thou hold of, the nose-rein of the camel: (S, L, Msb:) the ب in the latter phrase being redundant. (Msb.) [And أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ, lit. He took his hand, or arm; meaning (assumed tropical:) he aided, or assisted, him: a phrase of frequent occurrence.] And أَخَذَ عَلَىيَدِ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) He prevented, restrained, or withheld, such a one from doing that which he desired; as though he laid hold upon his hand, or arm: (L:) and أَخَذَ عَلَى يَدِهِ دُونَ مَا يُرِيُدهُ [signifies the same]. (K in article لغد.)

Also, verbal noun أَخْذٌ, He took, or received; opposite of أَعْطَي. (L.) [Hence,] أَخَذَ عَنْهُ, (assumed tropical:) He received from him traditions, and the like. (TA passim.)

(assumed tropical:) [He took, or derived, or deduced, a word, a phrase, and a meaning.]

(tropical:) He took, received, or admitted, willingly, or with approbation; he accepted. (B, MF.) So in the Qur'an, 7:198, خُذِ العَفْوَ (tropical:) [Take thou willingly, or accept thou, superfluous property, or such as is easily spared by others]. (MF.) So too in the same [iii. 75], وَ أَخَذتُّمْ عَلَي ذٰلِكُمْ إِصْرِى (tropical:) [And do ye accept my covenant to that effect?]. (B.) [And in the phrases, أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ بِالعَمَلِ بِمَا فِي التَّوْارَاةِ, (Jel ii. 60,) and عَلَي العَمّلِ بما في التوارة, (Idem ii. 87,) (assumed tropical:) We accepted your covenant to do according to what is in the Book of the Law revealed to Moses.] خُذْ عَنْكَ [is elliptical, and] means خُذْ مَا أَقُولُ وَدَع عَنْكَ الشَّكَ والمِراءَ (assumed tropical:) [Accept thou what I say, and dismiss from thee doubt and obstinate disputation]. (S, L.)

He took a thing to, or for, himself; took possession of it; got, or acquired, it; synonym حَازَ; (Z, Er-Rághib, B;) which, according to Z and Er-Rághib and others, is the primary signification; (MF;) and حَصَّلَ. (B.) [See also 8.]

[He took and kept;] he retained; he detained: as in the Qur'an, 12:78, فَخُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ [Therefore retain thou one of us in his stead]. (B.)

[He took, as meaning he took away. Hence,] أَخَذَ مِنْهُ السَّيْرُ Journeying, or travel, took from him strength; (القُوَّةَ being understood;) weakened him. (Har p. 529.) And أَخَذَ مِنَ الشَّارِبِ, (Mgh,) and مِنَ الشَّعَرِ, (Msb,) He clipped, or cut off from, (Mgh, Msb,) the mustache, (Mgh,) and the hair. (Msb.)

He, or it, took by force; or seized: (B:) (assumed tropical:) he, or it, overcame, overpowered, or subdued: said by some to be the primary signification. (MF.) [See also أَخَذَهُ عَلْوَّا, &c., in article علو: and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ, &c., in article فوق.] It is said in the Qur'an, 2:256, لَا تَأْخُذُهُ سِنَةِ وَ لَا نَوْمٌ (assumed tropical:) Neither drowsiness nor sleep shall seize [or overcome] Him. (B.) [And you say, أَخَذَتْهُ رِعْدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A tremour seized, took, affected, or influenced, him. And أَخَذَهُ بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly affected him with a desire to evacuate it.] You say also, أَخَذَ فِيهِ الشَّرَابُ (assumed tropical:) The wine affected him, or influenced him, so that he became intoxicated. (TA in article ثمل.) And أَخَذَ الرَّأْسَ (Msb in article سور, &c.) and أَخَذَ بِالرَّأْسِ (K in article حمى, &c.) (assumed tropical:) [It had an overpowering influence upon the head]; meaning wine. (Msb, K.) And أَخَذَ بِالحَلْقِ [It (food, &c.) choked]. (IAar in article نشب in the TA, and S in article بشع, &c.) And لَا يَأْخُذُ فِيهِ قَوْلُ قَايءِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [Nothing that any one may say will have any power, or effect, or influence, upon him]; meaning that he obeyeth no one. (L in article ليت.)

He took captive. (L, Msb, B.) So in the Qur'an, 9:5, فَاقْتُلُوا المُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ [Then slay ye the believers in a plurality of gods wherever, or whenever, ye find them, and take them captives]. (Bd, L, B.)

See also 2, in three places.

He gained the mastery over a person, and killed, or slew, him; (Zj, L;) as also ↓ اخَذَ: (L:) or simply, (assumed tropical:) he killed, or slew. (B.) It is said in the Qur'an, 40:5, وَهَمَّتْ كُّلُ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ, meaning [And every nation hath purposed against their apostle] that they might gain the mastery over him, and slay him; (Zj, L;) or (assumed tropical:) that they might slay him. (B.)

(assumed tropical:) He (God, Msb) destroyed a person: (Msb, MF:) and (assumed tropical:) extirpated, or exterminated. (MF.) فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللّٰهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ [in the Qur'an, 3:9 and xl. 22] means But God destroyed them for their sins. (Jel.)

(tropical:) He punished, or chastised; (L, Msb, B, K, MF;) as also ↓ اخَذَ: (L, Msb, MF:) as in the phrases, أَخَذَهُ بِذَنْبِهِ (Msb, K *) and بِهِ ↓ اخَذَهُ, verbal noun of the latter مُوءَاخَذَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) (tropical:) he punished, or chastised, him for his sin, or offence: (Msb:) and أُخِذَ بِذَنْبِهِ means (assumed tropical:) he was restrained and requited and punished for his sin, or offence: (L:) or, according to some, أَخَذَ signifies he extirpated, or exterminated; and ↓ اخذ he punished, or chastised, without extirpating, or exterminating. (MF.) [For ↓ اخذ,] some say وَاخَذَ, (S, L,) which is not allowable, (K,) according to some; but according to others, it is a chaste form; (MF;) of the dialect of El-Yemen, and used by certain of the seven readers [of the Qur'an] in the instance of لَا يُوَاخِذُكُمُ اللّٰهُ [ii. 225 and v. 91]; and the inf. N. in that dialect Is مُوَاخَذَةٌ, and the imperative is وَاخِذْ. (Msb.)

(tropical:) He made a violent assault upon a person, and wounded him much. (K, TA.) [You say also, أَخَذَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He assailed him with his tongue; vituperated him; spoke against him.]

[He took, took to, or adopted.] You say, أَخَذَ أَخَذَهُمْ and إِخْذَهُمْ &c.: see أَخْذٌ, below. And أَخَذَ فِى طَرِيقِ كَذَا [He took such a road]: and أَخَذَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْ يَسَارِهِ [he took the way by, or on, the right of him, or it, or the left of him, or it]. (S in article نظر.) [And أَخَذَ بِالحَزْمِ, and فِي الحَزْمِ, (the former the more common, the latter occurring in article حوط in the K,) (assumed tropical:) He took the course prescribed by prudence, discretion, precaution, or good judgment; he used precaution: and, like أَخَذَ بِالثِّقَهِ, (assumed tropical:) he took the sure course in his affair.] And أَخَذَ حِذْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He took care; became cautious, or vigilant. (Bd in iv. 73 and 103.) [And أَخَذَ بِمَا قَالَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) He took to, or adopted and followed, or adhered to, what such a one said: see Har p. 367; where it is said that اخذ when thus used is made transitive by means of ب because it implies the meaning of تَشَبَّثَ.]

He took to, set about, began, or commenced; as in the saying, أَخَذَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا He took to, set about, began, or commenced, doing such a thing; in which case, according to Sb, اخذ is one of those verbs which do not admit of one's putting the act. particle n. in the place of the verb which is its enunciative: [i. e., one may not say فَاعِلًا in the place of يفعل in the phrase above:] and as in أَخَذَ فِى كَذَا He began, commenced, or entered upon, such a thing. (L.)

[It is used in a variety of other phrases, in which the primary meaning is more or less apparent; and several of these will be found explained with other words occurring therein. The following instances may be here added.]

طَرِيقٌ يَأْخُذُ فِى رَمْلَةٍ [A road leading into, or through, a tract of sand]. (K in article فرز.) And أَخَذَ بِهِمُ الطَّرِيقُ فِى غَيْرِ المَحَجَّةِ [The road lead them otherwise than in the beaten track]. (T * and A in article بهرج.)

مَا أَخَذَتْكَ عَيْنِى مُنْذُ حِينٍ (assumed tropical:) My eye hath not seen thee for some time; like مَاظَفِرَتْكَ. (T in article ظفر.) And مَا فِي الحَىِّ أَحَدٌ تَأْخُذُهُ عَيْنِي [explained to me by Ibr D as meaning (assumed tropical:) There is not in the tribe any one whom my eye regards as worthy of notice or respect by reason of his greatness therein]. (TA in article جهر.)

أَخَذْتُ عِنْدَهُ يَدَى, and مَعْروفاً: see 8.

-A2- أَخِذَ, aorist اَخَذَ , verbal noun أَخَذٌ, (S, L, K,) He (a young camel) suffered heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, from the milk: (S:) or became disordered in his belly, and affected with heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, from taking much milk. (L.)

He (a camel, L, K, or a sheep or goat, L) became affected by madness, or demoniacal possession; (K;) or by what resembled that. (L.)

أَخِذَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aorist اَخَذَ , verbal noun أَخَذٌ, His eye became affected by inflammation, pain, and swelling, or ophthalmia. (Ibn-Es-Seed, L, K. *)

-A3- أَخُذَ, aorist اَخُذَ , verbal noun أُخُوذَةٌ, It (milk) was, or became, sour. (K.) [See اخِذٌ.]