عَدُوٌّ
And enemy, opposite of
وَلِىٌّ, (S,) or of
صَدِيقٌ, (K,) or of
صَدِيقٌ مُوَالٍ; (Msb;) an epithet, but resembling a subst.: (S:) [and (like our word “ enemy ” in military parlance) a hostile party: for] it is used alike as singular and plural and masculine and feminine; (Msb, K;) as is said in the “ Muk- tasar el-' Eyn: ” (Msb:) but sometimes it is dualized and pluralized and feminized: (K:) the plural is أَعْدَاءٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and the plural of أَعْدَاءٌ is أَعَادٍ; (Msb, K; *) and عِدًى and عُدًى are also pls. of عَدُوٌّ; (S, Msb, K; [each improperly termed in the K اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ; for فِعَلٌ and فُعَلٌ are measures of pls., not of quasi-plural ns.;]) the former said by ISk to be the only plural of this measure among epithets; (S, Msb; *) and عُدَاةٌ, with damm and with ة, is another plural; (Th, S, Msb;) and is plural of
عَادٍ, (K, TA,) which is synonym with
عَدُوٌّ; (S, K, TA;) as in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, أَشْمَتَ رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ عَادِيَكَ [May the Lord of the beings of the universe make thy enemy to rejoice at thy affliction]: (S, TA:) the feminine form of عَدُوٌّ is عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb,) which is said by Az to be used when the meaning of an epithet is intended: (Msb:) it is said by ISk, (S, TA,) and in the “ Bari', ” (Msb,) that there is no instance of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of فَاعِلٌ but its feminine is without ة, except عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) in the phrase هٰذِهِ عَدُوَّةٌ اللّٰهِ [This woman is the enemy of God]: according to Fr, عَدُوَّةٌ has the affix ة to assimilate it to صَدِيقَةٌ; for a word is sometimes formed to accord with its contr.: (S, TA:) AZ says that he heard certain of the tribe of 'Okeyl say, [of some women,] هُنَّ وَلِيَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and عَدُوَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and أًوْلِيَاوءُهُ and أَعْدَاوءُهُ [i. e. They are the friends of God and the enemies of God]. (Msb.) [The plural] عِدًى signifies also Persons distant, or remote, one from another: (ISd, K, TA:) and (K) strangers, or foreigners: (ISk, S, K, TA:) and such as are distant, or remote, in respect of relationship; or not relations: (TA:) as well as enemies: (M, TA:) كَالأَعْدَاءِ, which is added in the K after وَالغُرَبَاءُ, should be وَالأَعْدَاءُ. (TA.)